<?php
/**
 * Stats WPCOM_Stats
 *
 * @package automattic/jetpack-stats
 */

namespace Automattic\Jetpack\Stats;

use Automattic\Jetpack\Connection\Client;
use Automattic\Jetpack\Status\Host;
use Jetpack_Options;
use WP_Error;

/**
 * Stats WPCOM_Stats class.
 *
 * Responsible for fetching Stats related data from WPCOM.
 *
 * @link https://developer.wordpress.com/docs/api/1.1/get/sites/%24site/stats/
 *
 * @since 0.1.0
 */
class WPCOM_Stats {
	/**
	 * Transient prefix for storing Stats results from the REST API.
	 *
	 * @var string
	 */
	const STATS_CACHE_TRANSIENT_PREFIX = 'jetpack_restapi_stats_cache_';

	/**
	 * Time, in minutes, to cache stats results from the REST API.
	 *
	 * @var int
	 */
	const STATS_CACHE_EXPIRATION_IN_MINUTES = 5;

	/**
	 * Stats REST API version.
	 *
	 * @var string
	 */
	const STATS_REST_API_VERSION = '1.1';

	/**
	 * The stats resource to fetch results for.
	 *
	 * @var string
	 */
	protected $resource;

	/**
	 * If the site is on WPCOM Simple.
	 *
	 * @var bool
	 */
	protected $is_wpcom_simple;

	/**
	 * The constructor.
	 */
	public function __construct() {
		$this->is_wpcom_simple = ( new Host() )->is_wpcom_simple();
	}

	/**
	 * Get site's stats.
	 *
	 * @link https://developer.wordpress.com/docs/api/1.1/get/sites/%24site/stats/
	 * @param array $args Optional query parameters.
	 * @return array| WP_Error
	 */
	public function get_stats( $args = array() ) {
		$this->resource = '';

		return $this->fetch_stats( $args );
	}

	/**
	 * Get site's summarized views, visitors, likes and comments.
	 *
	 * @link https://developer.wordpress.com/docs/api/1.1/get/sites/%24site/stats/summary/
	 * @param array $args Optional query parameters.
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	public function get_stats_summary( $args = array() ) {
		$this->resource = 'summary';

		return $this->fetch_stats( $args );
	}

	/**
	 * Get site's top posts and pages by views.
	 *
	 * @link https://developer.wordpress.com/docs/api/1.1/get/sites/%24site/stats/top-posts/
	 * @param array $args Optional query parameters.
	 * @param bool  $override_cache Optional override cache.
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	public function get_top_posts( $args = array(), $override_cache = false ) {
		$this->resource = 'top-posts';

		// Needed for the Top Posts block, so users can preview changes instantly.
		if ( $override_cache ) {
			return $this->fetch_remote_stats( $this->build_endpoint(), $args );
		}

		return $this->fetch_stats( $args );
	}

	/**
	 * Get site's archive pages by views.
	 *
	 * @link https://developer.wordpress.com/docs/api/1.1/get/sites/%24site/stats/archives/
	 * @param array $args Optional query parameters.
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	public function get_archives( $args = array() ) {
		$this->resource = 'archives';

		return $this->fetch_stats( $args );
	}

	/**
	 * Get the details of a single video.
	 *
	 * @link https://developer.wordpress.com/docs/api/1.1/get/sites/%24site/stats/video/%24post_id/
	 * @param int   $post_id The video's ID.
	 * @param array $args    Optional query parameters.
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	public function get_video_details( $post_id, $args = array() ) {
		$this->resource = sprintf( 'video/%d', $post_id );

		return $this->fetch_stats( $args );
	}

	/**
	 * Get site's referrers.
	 *
	 * @link https://developer.wordpress.com/docs/api/1.1/get/sites/%24site/stats/referrers/
	 * @param array $args Optional query parameters.
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	public function get_referrers( $args = array() ) {
		$this->resource = 'referrers';

		return $this->fetch_stats( $args );
	}

	/**
	 * Get site's outbound clicks.
	 *
	 * @link https://developer.wordpress.com/docs/api/1.1/get/sites/%24site/stats/clicks/
	 * @param array $args Optional query parameters.
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	public function get_clicks( $args = array() ) {
		$this->resource = 'clicks';

		return $this->fetch_stats( $args );
	}

	/**
	 * Get site's views by tags and categories.
	 *
	 * @link https://developer.wordpress.com/docs/api/1.1/get/sites/%24site/stats/tags/
	 * @param array $args Optional query parameters.
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	public function get_tags( $args = array() ) {
		$this->resource = 'tags';

		return $this->fetch_stats( $args );
	}

	/**
	 * Get site's top authors.
	 *
	 * @link https://developer.wordpress.com/docs/api/1.1/get/sites/%24site/stats/top-authors/
	 * @param array $args Optional query parameters.
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	public function get_top_authors( $args = array() ) {
		$this->resource = 'top-authors';

		return $this->fetch_stats( $args );
	}

	/**
	 * Get site's top comment authors and most-commented posts.
	 *
	 * @link https://developer.wordpress.com/docs/api/1.1/get/sites/%24site/stats/comments/
	 * @param array $args Optional query parameters.
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	public function get_top_comments( $args = array() ) {
		$this->resource = 'comments';

		return $this->fetch_stats( $args );
	}

	/**
	 * Get site's video plays.
	 *
	 * @link https://developer.wordpress.com/docs/api/1.1/get/sites/%24site/stats/video-plays/
	 * @param array $args Optional query parameters.
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	public function get_video_plays( $args = array() ) {
		$this->resource = 'video-plays';

		return $this->fetch_stats( $args );
	}

	/**
	 * Get site's file downloads.
	 *
	 * @link https://developer.wordpress.com/docs/api/1.1/get/sites/%24site/stats/file-downloads/
	 * @param array $args Optional query parameters.
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	public function get_file_downloads( $args = array() ) {
		$this->resource = 'file-downloads';

		return $this->fetch_stats( $args );
	}

	/**
	 * Get a post's views.
	 *
	 * @link https://developer.wordpress.com/docs/api/1.1/get/sites/%24site/stats/post/%24post_id/
	 * @param int   $post_id        The post's ID.
	 * @param array $args           Optional query parameters.
	 * @param bool  $cache_in_meta  Optional should cache in post meta.
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	public function get_post_views( $post_id, $args = array(), $cache_in_meta = false ) {
		$this->resource = sprintf( 'post/%d', $post_id );

		if ( $cache_in_meta ) {
			return $this->fetch_post_stats( $args, $post_id );
		}

		return $this->fetch_stats( $args );
	}

	/**
	 * Get site's views by country.
	 *
	 * @link https://developer.wordpress.com/docs/api/1.1/get/sites/%24site/stats/country-views/
	 * @param array $args Optional query parameters.
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	public function get_views_by_country( $args = array() ) {

		$this->resource = 'country-views';

		return $this->fetch_stats( $args );
	}

	/**
	 * Get site's views by location.
	 *
	 * @param string $geo_mode The type of location to fetch views for (country, region, city).
	 * @param array  $args     Optional query parameters.
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	public function get_views_by_location( $geo_mode, $args = array() ) {
		$this->resource = sprintf( 'location-views/%s', $geo_mode );

		return $this->fetch_stats( $args );
	}

	/**
	 * Get site's followers.
	 *
	 * @link https://developer.wordpress.com/docs/api/1.1/get/sites/%24site/stats/followers/
	 * @param array $args Optional query parameters.
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	public function get_followers( $args = array() ) {

		$this->resource = 'followers';

		return $this->fetch_stats( $args );
	}

	/**
	 * Get site's comment followers.
	 *
	 * @link https://developer.wordpress.com/docs/api/1.1/get/sites/%24site/stats/comment-followers/
	 * @param array $args Optional query parameters.
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	public function get_comment_followers( $args = array() ) {

		$this->resource = 'comment-followers';

		return $this->fetch_stats( $args );
	}

	/**
	 * Get site's publicize follower counts.
	 *
	 * @link https://developer.wordpress.com/docs/api/1.1/get/sites/%24site/stats/publicize/
	 * @param array $args Optional query parameters.
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	public function get_publicize_followers( $args = array() ) {

		$this->resource = 'publicize';

		return $this->fetch_stats( $args );
	}

	/**
	 * Get search terms used to find the site.
	 *
	 * @link https://developer.wordpress.com/docs/api/1.1/get/sites/%24site/stats/search-terms/
	 * @param array $args Optional query parameters.
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	public function get_search_terms( $args = array() ) {

		$this->resource = 'search-terms';

		return $this->fetch_stats( $args );
	}

	/**
	 * Get the total number of views for each post.
	 *
	 * @link https://developer.wordpress.com/docs/api/1.1/get/sites/%24site/stats/views/posts/
	 * @param array $args Optional query parameters.
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	public function get_total_post_views( $args = array() ) {
		if ( $this->is_wpcom_simple ) {
			$post_ids         = isset( $args['post_ids'] ) ? explode( ',', $args['post_ids'] ) : array();
			$escaped_post_ids = implode( ',', array_map( 'esc_sql', $post_ids ) );

			$number_of_days = isset( $args['num'] ) ? absint( $args['num'] ) : 1;
			// It's the same function used in WPCOM simple.
			// @phpcs:ignore WordPress.DateTime.RestrictedFunctions.date_date
			$end_date = $args['end'] ?? date( 'Y-m-d' );

			$stats = $this->fetch_stats_on_wpcom_simple( $end_date, $number_of_days, $escaped_post_ids );

			$post_views = $stats['-'] ?? array();

			$posts = array_map(
				function ( $post_id ) use ( $post_views ) {
					return array(
						'ID'    => $post_id,
						'views' => $post_views[ $post_id ] ?? 0,
					);
				},
				$post_ids
			);

			return array( 'posts' => $posts );
		}

		$this->resource = 'views/posts';

		return $this->fetch_stats( $args );
	}

	/**
	 * Get the number of visits for the site.
	 *
	 * @param array $args Optional query parameters.
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	public function get_visits( $args = array() ) {

		$this->resource = 'visits';

		return $this->fetch_stats( $args );
	}

	/**
	 * Get streaks for the site.
	 *
	 * @link https://developer.wordpress.com/docs/api/1.1/get/sites/%24site/stats/streak/
	 *
	 * @param array $args Optional query parameters.
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	public function get_streak( $args = array() ) {

		$this->resource = 'streak';

		return $this->fetch_stats( $args );
	}

	/**
	 * Get the highlights for the site.
	 *
	 * @link https://developer.wordpress.com/docs/api/1.1/get/sites/%24site/stats/highlights/
	 *
	 * @param array $args Optional query parameters.
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	public function get_highlights( $args = array() ) {

		$this->resource = 'highlights';

		return $this->fetch_stats( $args );
	}

	/**
	 * Get the number of visits for the site.
	 *
	 * @param array $args Optional query parameters.
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	public function get_insights( $args = array() ) {

		$this->resource = 'insights';

		return $this->fetch_stats( $args );
	}

	/**
	 * Build WPCOM REST API endpoint.
	 *
	 * @return string
	 */
	protected function build_endpoint() {
		$resource = ltrim( $this->resource, '/' );

		return sprintf( '/sites/%d/stats/%s', Jetpack_Options::get_option( 'id' ), $resource );
	}

	/**
	 * Fetches stats data from WPCOM or local Cache. Caches locally for 5 minutes.
	 *
	 * @param array $args Optional query parameters.
	 *
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	protected function fetch_stats( $args = array() ) {
		$endpoint       = $this->build_endpoint();
		$api_version    = self::STATS_REST_API_VERSION;
		$cache_key      = md5( implode( '|', array( $endpoint, $api_version, wp_json_encode( $args, JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES ) ) ) );
		$transient_name = self::STATS_CACHE_TRANSIENT_PREFIX . $cache_key;
		$stats_cache    = get_transient( $transient_name );

		if ( $stats_cache ) {
			$time = key( $stats_cache );
			$data = $stats_cache[ $time ]; // WP_Error or string (JSON encoded object).

			if ( is_wp_error( $data ) ) {
				return $data;
			}

			return array_merge( array( 'cached_at' => $time ), (array) json_decode( $data, true ) );
		}

		$wpcom_stats = $this->fetch_remote_stats( $endpoint, $args );

		// To reduce size in storage: store with time as key, store JSON encoded data.
		$cached_value = is_wp_error( $wpcom_stats ) ? $wpcom_stats : wp_json_encode( $wpcom_stats, JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES );

		/**
		 * Filters the expiration time for the stats cache.
		 *
		 * @module stats
		 *
		 * @since 0.10.0
		 *
		 * @param int $expiration The expiration time in minutes.
		 */
		$expiration = apply_filters(
			'jetpack_fetch_stats_cache_expiration',
			self::STATS_CACHE_EXPIRATION_IN_MINUTES * MINUTE_IN_SECONDS
		);
		set_transient( $transient_name, array( time() => $cached_value ), $expiration );

		return $wpcom_stats;
	}

	/**
	 * Fetches stats data from WPCOM or local Cache. Caches locally for 5 minutes.
	 *
	 * Unlike the above function, this caches data in the post meta table. As such,
	 * it prevents wp_options from blowing up when retrieving views for large numbers
	 * of posts at the same time.
	 *
	 * This function returns valid arrays and WP_Error objects from cache if within the expiration period.
	 * If the cached entry is malformed or invalid, a refresh is triggered regardless of cache time.
	 * This self-healing behavior reduces API calls when remote fetch fails, but ensures data validity.
	 *
	 * @param array $args Query parameters.
	 * @param int   $post_id Post ID to acquire stats for.
	 *
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	protected function fetch_post_stats( $args, $post_id ) {
		$endpoint    = $this->build_endpoint();
		$meta_name   = '_' . self::STATS_CACHE_TRANSIENT_PREFIX;
		$stats_cache = get_post_meta( $post_id, $meta_name, false );

		if ( $stats_cache ) {
			$data = reset( $stats_cache );

			// Check if we have a valid cache structure with a time key.
			if ( is_array( $data ) && ! empty( $data ) ) {
				$time = key( $data );

				// If we have a numeric time, check if cache is still valid.
				if ( is_numeric( $time ) ) {
					/** This filter is already documented in projects/packages/stats/src/class-wpcom-stats.php */
					$expiration = apply_filters(
						'jetpack_fetch_stats_cache_expiration',
						self::STATS_CACHE_EXPIRATION_IN_MINUTES * MINUTE_IN_SECONDS
					);

					// If within cache period, return cached data after type validation.
					if ( ( time() - $time ) < $expiration ) {
						$cached_value = $data[ $time ];

						// If it's an array or WP_Error, handle appropriately.
						if ( is_wp_error( $cached_value ) ) {
							return $cached_value;
						}
						if ( is_array( $cached_value ) ) {
							return array_merge( array( 'cached_at' => $time ), $cached_value );
						}

						// For any other unexpected type, treat as malformed cache.
						// Fall through to refresh.
					}
				}
			}
		}

		// Cache doesn't exist, is expired, or is malformed - refresh it.
		return $this->refresh_post_stats_cache( $endpoint, $args, $post_id, $meta_name );
	}

	/**
	 * Force fetch stats from WPCOM, and always update cache.
	 *
	 * This function will cache the result regardless of whether the fetch succeeds
	 * or fails. This ensures that failed requests are also cached, reducing the
	 * frequency of API calls when the remote service is experiencing issues.
	 *
	 * @param string $endpoint The stats endpoint.
	 * @param array  $args The query arguments.
	 * @param int    $post_id The post ID.
	 * @param string $meta_name The meta name.
	 *
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	protected function refresh_post_stats_cache( $endpoint, $args, $post_id, $meta_name ) {
		$wpcom_stats = $this->fetch_remote_stats( $endpoint, $args );

		// Always cache the result, even if it's an error or empty.
		update_post_meta( $post_id, $meta_name, array( time() => $wpcom_stats ) );

		return $wpcom_stats;
	}

	/**
	 * Fetches stats data from WPCOM.
	 *
	 * @link https://developer.wordpress.com/docs/api/1.1/get/sites/%24site/stats/
	 * @param string $endpoint The stats endpoint.
	 * @param array  $args The query arguments.
	 * @return array|WP_Error
	 */
	protected function fetch_remote_stats( $endpoint, $args ) {
		if ( is_array( $args ) && ! empty( $args ) ) {
			$endpoint .= '?' . http_build_query( $args );
		}
		$response      = Client::wpcom_json_api_request_as_blog( $endpoint, self::STATS_REST_API_VERSION, array( 'timeout' => 20 ) );
		$response_code = wp_remote_retrieve_response_code( $response );
		$response_body = wp_remote_retrieve_body( $response );

		if ( is_wp_error( $response ) || 200 !== $response_code || empty( $response_body ) ) {
			return is_wp_error( $response ) ? $response : new WP_Error( 'stats_error', 'Failed to fetch Stats from WPCOM' );
		}

		return json_decode( $response_body, true );
	}

	/**
	 * Fetch the stats when executed in WPCOM Simple.
	 *
	 * @param string $end_date         The end date.
	 * @param int    $number_of_days   The number of days.
	 * @param string $escaped_post_ids The escaped post ids.
	 *
	 * @return array
	 */
	protected function fetch_stats_on_wpcom_simple( $end_date, $number_of_days, $escaped_post_ids ) {
		return stats_get_daily_history( null, get_current_blog_id(), 'postviews', 'post_id', $end_date, $number_of_days, " AND post_id IN ($escaped_post_ids)", 0, true );
	}

	/**
	 * Convert stats array to object after sanity checking the array is valid.
	 *
	 * @since 0.11.0
	 *
	 * @param  array $stats_array The stats array.
	 * @return WP_Error|object|null
	 */
	public function convert_stats_array_to_object( $stats_array ) {

		if ( is_wp_error( $stats_array ) ) {
			return $stats_array;
		}
		$encoded_array = wp_json_encode( $stats_array, JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES );
		if ( ! $encoded_array ) {
			return new WP_Error( 'stats_encoding_error', 'Failed to encode stats array' );
		}
		return json_decode( $encoded_array );
	}
}
